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Fixed interest rates make gilts susceptible to market moves

IF YOU have money invested in a bond unit trust fund, you may be wondering why interest rate hikes have a negative impact on bonds.

Lara Warburton, marketing manager of RMB Unit Trusts, explains:

A gilt is a debt paper issued by the government or a parastatal wanting to raise capital for a specific project.

The length of time over which the money is required will determine the term of the gilt (hence there are short-, medium- and long-dated gilts).

The purchaser of the gilt receives a fixed-interest income (or coupon) which is usually paid twice a year.

If the gilt is held until it matures, the owner receives the nominal or face value of the gilt back (usually R1-million).

As the interest paid is fixed, gilts that pay less interest than other investments become unattractive and demand for them declines.

This affects the rand price of these gilts, which then drops to a level where the interest payable relative to the price paid represents a market-related interest rate to the investor. This relationship is the yield. Thus, as interest rates rise, the value of gilts fall.

Longer-dated gilts will be more susceptible to interest rate movements. This is because there are more interest payments to maturity, and longer to wait until the face value is repaid.

The main benefits of investing in a gilt fund include:

  • Smaller investors are able to access the gilt market;

  • Gilts offer high interest and the potential for capital growth; and

  • The portfolio is actively managed according to interest rate cycles.

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