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Top-down and bottom-up investments

UNIT trust management companies and investment houses use different investment approaches when deciding on how best to invest their clients' money. There are two basic investment approaches:

  • Bottom-up approach: Extensive research and analysis is done on individual shares and companies. Shares are chosen based on the company's future prospects and not on any significant economic and market cycles.

    This investment approach is most suitable when the investment manager is close to his market - it is not an approach to be used when investing globally.

  • Top-down approach: The overall economic environment is assessed (not individual shares). Asset allocation decisions are made to determine how much money should be allocated to various asset classes within the market. These could include which types of shares to invest in (for example financial or industrial) or which countries to target.

    The top-down manager then buys individual shares within those selected sectors (relative to the specific weightings each sector has been allocated).

    Unit trust portfolio managers are able to use either approach or a combination of the two.

    Individual unit trusts have documented investment strategies that determine how much latitude your portfolio manager has in terms of investment approach.

    ý Di Turpin, Old Mutual Unit Trusts marketing manager

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